How Does Cholesterol Impact Your Heart, and What Can You Do About It?

women with towel — Women taking a break after exercise

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of disorders that affect the heart and blood vessels, including stroke, heart failure, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. These conditions often result from plaque buildup in the arteries, which can lead to complications such as restricted blood flow and increased heart strain.

The Role of Cholesterol in Cardiovascular Disease

Cholesterol is a fatty substance essential for cell membranes, hormone production, bile, and vitamin D. However, excessive cholesterol—especially low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or "bad" cholesterol—can contribute to arterial narrowing, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke. On the other hand, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or "good" cholesterol, helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream, reducing cardiovascular risk.

Cholesterol comes from two sources: dietary intake and natural production by the body. A lipogram test measures LDL, HDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides to assess heart health.

Why Women with Menopause Are at Higher Risk

Hormones play a key role in cholesterol regulation. During menopause, estrogen levels drop, which can lead to increased LDL ("bad" cholesterol) and decreased HDL ("good" cholesterol). This hormonal shift significantly raises the risk of heart disease in postmenopausal women. Additionally, weight gain and changes in metabolism that often accompany menopause can further contribute to cardiovascular issues.

The Link Between Osteoporosis and Heart Disease

Studies have shown that people diagnosed with osteoporosis may also be at a higher risk for heart disease. Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease share common risk factors, including inflammation, high cholesterol, and hormonal changes. Additionally, some medications used to treat osteoporosis can impact heart health. Keeping cholesterol levels in check is especially important for those with osteoporosis to reduce their overall health risks.

Managing High Cholesterol

Lifestyle changes play a crucial role in maintaining healthy cholesterol levels:

✅ Diet – Reduce saturated and trans fats, while increasing fiber and healthy fats.

✅ Exercise – Regular physical activity helps raise HDL and lower LDL.

✅ Weight Management – Maintaining a healthy weight supports overall heart health.

✅ Medication – If lifestyle changes aren’t enough, doctors may prescribe cholesterol-lowering medication.

While dietary fat is often blamed for high cholesterol, studies suggest that excess carbohydrates may have a greater impact on blood lipid levels. Therefore, a well-balanced diet, combined with an active lifestyle, is key to heart health.